{"id":8813,"date":"2010-09-30T19:46:48","date_gmt":"2010-09-30T17:46:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sandzakpress.net\/arhiva\/?p=8813"},"modified":"2010-09-30T19:46:48","modified_gmt":"2010-09-30T17:46:48","slug":"sandzak-bosna-i-bosnjaci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sandzakpress.net\/arhiva\/sandzak-bosna-i-bosnjaci\/","title":{"rendered":"Sand\u017eak, Bosna i Bo\u0161njaci"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Odlukom Berlinskog kongresa 1878. godine Sand\u017eak je izdvojen iz Bosne kao svoje matice i time raniji Novopazarski Sand\u017eak, jedan od sedam koliko ih je bilo u tada\u0161njem Bosanskom vilajetu, ostao je i dalje da postoji i kao takav prihva\u0107en je u me\u0111unarodnim organizacijama i me\u0111unarodnoj diplomatskoj korespodenciji.
\n<\/strong>
\nSve do tada ovaj prostor bio je dio srednjovjekovne Bosne, bosanskog vilajeta, pa\u0161aluka a ljudi su se iskazivali Bo\u0161njacima. Brojni su poku\u0161aji i organizovano \u010dinjeni da se otude od svoje matice, ali su oni kao Bo\u0161njaci uporno istrajavali.<\/p>\n

Sand\u017eak je prirodna saobra\u0107ajnica od Sarajeva prema Istanbulu, kroz koji je prolazila \u010duvena carska d\u017eada, u koji se s juga ulivao dubrova\u010dki drum.<\/p>\n

Na sand\u017ea\u010dkim prostorima \u017eivjelo je stanovni\u0161tvo iste ili sli\u010dne genetske osnove i sli\u010dnih duhovnih i psiholo\u0161kih karakteristika. Jednima i drugima naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e je zajedni\u010dka ilirska osnova.<\/p>\n

O Bo\u0161njacima se godinama sa istoka i zapada fabrikuju raznorazni falsifikati. \u0160to se ti\u010de bo\u0161nja\u010dkog identiteta treba jasno naglasiti da Bo\u0161njaci nikada nisu bili ni Srbi ni Hrvati.<\/p>\n

Prostori Bosne i Sand\u017eaka su bili gusto naseljeni stotinama godina prije dolaska Slovena na ove prostore, o \u010demu pi\u0161e dr. Ibrahim Pa\u0161i\u0107 u studiji \u00bbPredslavenski korjeni Bo\u0161njaka\u00ab, a zapisano je i u \u00bbRimskim hronikama\u00ab, da su se u Bosni u I vijeku n.e. vodile borbe sa lokalnim stanovni\u0161tvom.<\/p>\n

Nema ni jednog slovenskog plemena sa imenom Bo\u0161njak ili Bosanac niti se mo\u017ee izvesti ta rije\u010d iz slovenskog jezika.<\/p>\n

O ovome svjedo\u010de i najnovija istra\u017eivanja radena u \u0160vajcarskom institutu za DNK u \u017denevi stanovnika Bosne, gdje je ilirski etnoelement zastupljen sa 40% \u010dak ve\u0107i nego i samih Albanaca. Rezultati \u0161vajcarske \u00bbIgneae\u00ab su egzatni i novijeg su datuma.<\/p>\n

Ovdje se mo\u017ee postaviti pitanje a jezik?
\nPa uticaji kultura su u\u010dinili svoje, u sjevernoj Americi vi\u0161e od 300 miliona ljudi govori engleski iako nisu Englezi i nema vi\u0161e lokalnih jezika. U Indiji i Pakistanu je slu\u017ebeni jezik engleski, u sjevernoj Africi je slu\u017ebeni jezik francuski itd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
\nSte\u0107ak
\n\"\"
\nBosna u 17. stolje\u0107u
\n\"\"
\nSand\u017ea\u010dki gradovi
\n\"\"
\nPljevaljski muftija Mehmed \u0160emsikadi\u0107
\n\"\"
\nPlavsko-gusinjske gazije: Ali-pa\u0161a i Jakup Ferovi\u0107<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Na prostoru Bosne i Sand\u017eaka bogumilstvo je cvjetalo oko 400 godina. Najo\u010ditiji i najmasovniji materijalni dokaz bogumilstva srednjovjekovne Bosanske Crkve jesu ste\u0107ci. Ispod ste\u0107aka su se sahranjivali pripadnici Bosanske Crkve, kako starje\u0161ine tako i obi\u010dni vjernici.<\/p>\n

Ste\u0107ak je kulturni biser srednjovjekovne Bosne a nalazimo ih u centralnoj Bosni sjeverozapadnom Sand\u017eaku, zapadnoj Crnoj Gori i Hercegovini.<\/p>\n

I sada se poku\u0161avaju falsifikovati i iskriviti stvari pa Dubravko Lovrenovi\u0107 hrvatski histori\u010dar, poku\u0161ava prisvojiti\u00a0Ste\u0107ke<\/strong> kao isklju\u010divo hrvatsku kulturnu ba\u0161tinu \u0161to je naravno nije ta\u010dno.<\/p>\n

Dolaskom Turaka, nekada\u0161nji bogumili su masovno dobrovoljno prihvatili islam kao svoju religiju.<\/p>\n

Da se vratimo opet na odluku Berlinskog kongresa i rije\u0161enosti san\u0111a\u010dkih Bo\u0161njaka u odbrani Bosne od Austrijske okupacije od jula do septembra 1878 godine.<\/p>\n

Bo\u0161njaci Sand\u017eaka bili su me\u0111u onima koji su inicirali i organizovali odbranu. U tome je prednja\u010dio onda\u0161nji pljevaljski muftija\u00a0Mehmed Vehbi ef. \u0160emsikadi\u0107 <\/strong>koji je zajedno sa \u0161ejhom i mudderisom Gazi Husrev-begove medrese Mahmud ef. Jamakovi\u0107em i imamom Begove d\u017eamije had\u017ei Abdulah ef. Kauk\u010dijem, pripremio peticiju, programskog karaktera, koja je potpisana od gra\u0111ana Sarajeva.<\/p>\n

Nosila je naziv\u00a0Itifaknama<\/strong> a ozna\u010davala je \u00bbUgovor o snazi i savezu\u00ab. Juna 1878. godine putem Nik\u0161i\u0107kih muhad\u017eera, predata je tada\u0161njem bosanskom valiji Mehmed-pa\u0161i sa zahtjevom da preda vlast novoizabranom Narodnom odboru i da napusti Bosnu i Hercegovinu. Bio je to posljednji valija u bosanskom vilajetu i kraj osmanske vlasti u Bosni i Hercegovini.<\/p>\n

Sarajevo je postalo centar otpora a muftija \u0160emsikadi\u0107 je svojim odlu\u010dnim patriotskim govorima plijenio mase i bio je prihva\u0107en kao njihov tribun.<\/p>\n

Navodimo dvije od \u010detiri pjesme koje se pjevaju u narodu o muftiji \u0160emsikadi\u0107u a koje je zabilje\u017eio mr. Avdija Avdi\u0107 u svojoj knjizi.<\/p>\n

San zaspao Mehmed-beg<\/strong>
\nSan zaspao Mehmed-beg
\nu Taslid\u017ei bijeloj.
\nSabah-zora svitala,
\nmajka ga je budila:
\n“\u0160to si, sine, prispao,
\n-du\u0161man Bosnu napao!
\nSkupi svoje delije,
\n-sve mlade Sand\u017eaklije.
\nValja nam se boriti,
\nvatan Bosnu braniti!”<\/p>\n

I pred njima jezdi sand\u017ea\u010dki muftija\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n

Odjekuju gore pokraj vode Drine, <\/strong>
\nobasjalo sunce brda i planine,
\ni\u0161le djevojke na kule visoke, of, aman, aman!
\nOd ranog sabaha tutnji d\u017eada plaha
\nto prolaze \u010dete mladih Sand\u017eaklija
\ni pred njima jezdi sand\u017ea\u010dki muftija, of aman, aman!
\nSa planine vila njemu govorila
\nda ljep\u0161eg junaka jo\u0161 vidjela nije,
\nod kad Drina te\u010de, od kad sunce grije, of, aman, aman!<\/em><\/p>\n

Sand\u017ea\u010dki junak muftija \u0160emsikadi\u0107 po\u0161ao je iz Sand\u017eaka sa svojim odredom od 4000 boraca koji je kasnije narastao na 30,000 boraca.<\/p>\n

Vojska se kretala preko Boljani\u0107a, \u010cajni\u010da, Gora\u017eda i Glasinca gdje su joj se pridru\u017eili Bo\u0161njaci iz isto\u010dne Bosne te je ona tako uve\u0107ana stigla u Sarajevo 04.avg.1878. godine.<\/p>\n

Poslije kra\u0107eg boravka u Sarajevu, vojska kre\u0107e preko Kladnja ka Tuzli.<\/p>\n

Prema Tuzli je napredovao austrijski general Sapari sa svojom XX divizijom nakon \u0161to je razbio otpor kod Gra\u010danice cilj mu je bio da odvoji sjeveroisto\u010dnu Bosnu. Rano u sabah 08. avgusta muftija \u0160emsikadi\u0107 je stigao u Donju Tuzlu. Grad je bio opustio, a tuzlanski prvaci demoralisani pred nadmo\u0107nim neprijateljem razmi\u0161ljali su o predaji. Dolazak muftije sa vojskom sve je ohrabrio i preokrenuo. On je konsolidovao odbrambene snage i nakon dva dana \u017eestokih borbi odbranio je Tuzlu.<\/p>\n

I dok se \u0160emsikadi\u0107 uspje\u0161no nosio sa daleko nadmo\u0107nijim neprijateljem sti\u017ee mu vijest da se u Sarajevu neki krugovi dogovaraju o sporazumu sa Austrijancima. Odgojen u starobosanskom duhu da se sa neprijateljem nema \u0161ta pregovarati dok gaze zemljom, \u0161alje im brzojav sljede\u0107e sadr\u017eine:<\/p>\n

\u00bb\u0106ujete li Sarajlije i svi ostali! Ja sam \u0160vabu dobro do\u010dekao i vratio ga od Tuzle i Br\u010dkog, a jedna mi je vojska kod Maglaja gdje \u0107e \u0160vabu do\u010dekati. No \u010dujete li age Sarajlije! Kunem vam se vjerom i Kur\u2019anom, ako li mi nevjeru u\u010dinite, \u017eive \u0107u vas sve odrati\u00ab. <\/em><\/p>\n

Ovaj odred je najvi\u0161e bitaka vodio izme\u0111u Grada\u010dca i Doboja nanose\u0107i agresoru te\u0161ke gubitke. Puna 33 dana odolijevao je do zuba naoru\u017eanoj i znatno brojnijoj Austrougarskoj vojsci koja je u ovom ratu izgubila 6000 vojnika i oficira.<\/p>\n

Me\u0111utim pod pritiskom daleko nadmo\u0107nijeg neprijatelje donijeta je odluka da se odred povu\u010de prema Sand\u017eaku sa ciljem da spije\u010di njegovu okupaciju.<\/p>\n

Okolnost da je za komadanta bosanske vojske izabran Smail beg Selmanovi\u0107, tako\u0111er iz Pljevalja, upu\u0107uje na zaklju\u010dak da su se Bo\u0161njaci Sand\u017eaka ne samo smatrali i osje\u0107ali sastavnim dijelim bo\u0161nja\u010dkog nacionalnog identiteta ve\u0107 da su bili prihva\u0107eni i da su dobijali najodgovornije polo\u017eaje.<\/p>\n

U istom periodu u plavsko-gusinjskom dijelu Sand\u017eaka udaljenog od Sarajeva 300km, Bo\u0161njaci na \u010delu sa glasovitim sand\u017ea\u010dkim gazijom Ali pa\u0161om \u0160abanagi\u0107em – Gusinjskim uz podr\u0161ku albanskih plemena Hota, Ga\u0161ija, Rugovaca i dr. \u017eestoko se suprostavljaju odluci Berlinskog kongresa da se ovi krajevi pripoje Crnoj Gori.<\/p>\n

Ovo je jedinstven primjer u historiji da se jedan narod bez naoru\u017eanja, vojne organizacije; organizovan u seoskim i brastveni\u010dkim \u010detama nakon osamnestomjese\u010dnog suprostavljanja zahtjevu velikih sila da ustupe teritoriju i u dvije bitke kod Nok\u0161i\u0107a i Murine do nogu potu\u010de regularne crnogorske vojne formacije.<\/p>\n

Histori\u010dar R.V.Ve\u0161ovi\u0107 navodi da je Nok\u0161i\u0107ka bitka jedan od najte\u017eih poraza crnogorske vojske a po izjavi Le Rea, francuskog konzula u Skadru, crnogorska strana je u toj bici izgubila 700 boraca.
\nU svom pobjedni\u010dkom zanosu plavsko-gusinjski Bo\u0161njaci (i Albanci) su pjevali rugalicu koja se i danas prenosi:<\/p>\n

\u00bbPlav se sprda sa sedmero Brda,
\na Gusinje s knjazom na Cetinje\u00ab<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Velike evropske sile bile su primorane da odustanu od primjene Berlinskog sporazuma na ovom prostoru i da na ra\u010dun Plava i Gusinja, Crnoj Gori dodijele Ulcinj i Zabojanu.<\/p>\n

Ovo je pou\u010dan primjer o sposobnosti jednog naroda da vodi neravnopravnu borbu sa daleko nadmo\u0107nijim neprijateljem, kada postoji svijest i odlu\u010dnost da se u takvoj borbi istraje.<\/p>\n

Autor: Enver \u0106orovi\u0107<\/strong><\/p>\n

Izvor: Dijaspora.org<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Odlukom Berlinskog kongresa 1878. godine Sand\u017eak je izdvojen iz Bosne kao svoje matice i time raniji Novopazarski Sand\u017eak, jedan od sedam koliko ih je bilo u tada\u0161njem Bosanskom vilajetu, ostao je i dalje da postoji i kao takav prihva\u0107en je u me\u0111unarodnim organizacijama i me\u0111unarodnoj diplomatskoj korespodenciji. Sve do tada ovaj prostor bio je dio […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":83,"featured_media":8814,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-8813","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-novine"},"yoast_head":"\nSand\u017eak, Bosna i Bo\u0161njaci<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sandzakpress.net\/arhiva\/sandzak-bosna-i-bosnjaci\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"bs_BA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Sand\u017eak, Bosna i Bo\u0161njaci\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Odlukom Berlinskog kongresa 1878. godine Sand\u017eak je izdvojen iz Bosne kao svoje matice i time raniji Novopazarski Sand\u017eak, jedan od sedam koliko ih je bilo u tada\u0161njem Bosanskom vilajetu, ostao je i dalje da postoji i kao takav prihva\u0107en je u me\u0111unarodnim organizacijama i me\u0111unarodnoj diplomatskoj korespodenciji. 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